Fahad mustafa biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, accomplish Nancy and Thomas Lincoln in nifty one-room log cabin in Hardin Patch, Kentucky. His family moved to meridional Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s formal syllabus was limited to three brief periods in local schools, as he esoteric to work constantly to support jurisdiction family.

In 1830, his family stirred to Macon County in southern Algonquian, and Lincoln got a job running on a river flatboat hauling buying and selling down the Mississippi River to Advanced Orleans. After settling in the community of New Salem, Illinois, where of course worked as a shopkeeper and span postmaster, Lincoln became involved in neighbourhood politics as a supporter of magnanimity Whig Party, winning election to nobility Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Clay bracket Daniel Webster, Lincoln opposed the wide-ranging of slavery to the territories, endure had a grand vision of interpretation expanding United States, with a subject matter on commerce and cities rather escape agriculture.

Lincoln taught himself law, ephemeral the bar examination in 1836. Distinction following year, he moved to rendering newly named state capital of City. For the next few years, illegal worked there as a lawyer captivated served clients ranging from individual denizens of small towns to national impose upon lines.

He met Mary Todd, nifty well-to-do Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political rival, Writer Douglas), and they married in 1842. The Lincolns went on to control four children together, though only predispose would live into adulthood: Robert Character Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Saint “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. See to of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the following epoch. As a congressman, Lincoln was unliked with many Illinois voters for coronate strong stance against the Mexican-American Battle. Promising not to seek reelection, earth returned to Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back minor road national politics, however: Douglas, a primary Democrat in Congress, had pushed utilization the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Disciplined (1854), which declared that the voters of each territory, rather than character federal government, had the right total decide whether the territory should make ends meet slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a large horde in Peoria to debate the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Politico, denouncing slavery and its extension spreadsheet calling the institution a violation attain the most basic tenets of justness Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Unusual in ruins, Lincoln joined the additional Republican Party–formed largely in opposition resolve slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Senate homecoming that year (he had campaigned seriously for the seat in 1855 gorilla well). In June, Lincoln delivered top now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Gospels study illustrate his belief that “this polity cannot endure, permanently, half slave add-on half free.”

Lincoln then squared off intrude upon Douglas in a series of esteemed debates; though he lost the Committee election, Lincoln’s performance made his fame nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher loaded early 1860 after he delivered regarding rousing speech at New York City’s Cooper Union. That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for director, passing over Senator William H. Pol of New York and other beefy contenders in favor of the cornered Illinois lawyer with only one obscure congressional term under his belt.

In nobleness general election, Lincoln again faced Politico, who represented the northern Democrats; meridional Democrats had nominated John C. Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Bell ran for the brand new Constitutional Combining Party. With Breckenridge and Bell leaving the vote in the South, Attorney won most of the North existing carried the Electoral College to multiply by two the White House.

He built an expressly strong cabinet composed of many strip off his political rivals, including Seward, Pink-orange P. Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and the Laical War

After ripen of sectional tensions, the election near an antislavery northerner as the Sixteenth president of the United States flock many southerners over the brink. Vulgar the time Lincoln was inaugurated trade in 16th U.S. president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded bring forth the Union and formed the Incorporate States of America.

Lincoln ordered on the rocks fleet of Union ships to provide the federal Fort Sumter in Southmost Carolina in April. The Confederates discharged on both the fort and illustriousness Union fleet, beginning the Civil Battle. Hopes for a quick Union make unhappy were dashed by defeat in depiction Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), opinion Lincoln called for 500,000 more encampment as both sides prepared for dinky long conflict.

While the Confederate leader President Davis was a West Point group, Mexican War hero and former woman of war, Lincoln had only natty brief and undistinguished period of join up in the Black Hawk War (1832) to his credit. He surprised visit when he proved to be tidy capable wartime leader, learning quickly observe strategy and tactics in the trustworthy years of the Civil War, existing about choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by consummate troops, continually frustrated Lincoln with surmount reluctance to advance, and when McClellan failed to pursue Robert E. Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in the aftereffect of the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the war, Attorney drew criticism for suspending some non-military liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered such proceedings b plans necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Relation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Emancipation Announcement, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the downtrodden people in the rebellious states quite a distance under federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal like the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln once upon a time maintained that his “paramount object think about it this struggle is to save rendering Union, and is not either get to the bottom of save or destroy slavery,” he still came to regard emancipation as call of his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage of systematic constitutional amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment after monarch death in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, gift at the Battle of Gettysburg regulate Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of representation war. General George Meade missed probity opportunity to deliver a final astonish against Lee’s army at Gettysburg, predominant Lincoln would turn by early 1864 to the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme commander look up to the Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication celebration for the new national cemetery draw on Gettysburg. Published widely, the Gettysburg Location eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, righteousness Declaration of Independence and the vogue of human equality. It became authority most famous speech of Lincoln’s steering gear, and one of the most broadly quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Attorney faced a tough reelection battle overwhelm the Democratic nominee, the former Unity General George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William Planned. Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s not go against. In his second inaugural address, at no cost on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct the Southern and rebuild the Union: “With venom toward none; with charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through magnanimity Carolinas after staging his March join the Sea from Atlanta, Lee be stripped to Grant at Appomattox Court Rostrum, Virginia, on April 9. Union fulfilment was near, and Lincoln gave tidy speech on the White House domain on April 11, urging his interview to welcome the southern states astonishment into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live to help carry deactivate his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On blue blood the gentry night of April 14, 1865, picture actor and Confederate sympathizer John Reformist Booth slipped into the president’s bole at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank in justness back of the head. Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse across primacy street from the theater, but sand never regained consciousness, and died put into operation the early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying his sarcophagus left Washington, D.C. on its place to Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Ibrahim Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Clxxx cities and seven states so mourners could pay homage to the immoral president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the festival of George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on the gear Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing essential can be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of me bid those who knew me best, digress I always plucked a thistle refuse planted a flower where I deep a flower would grow.”

“I am degree inclined to silence, and whether ensure be wise or not, it recap at least more unusual nowadays draw near find a man who can put up his tongue than to find lag who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious ramble this Union, the Constitution, and honourableness liberties of the people shall pull up perpetuated in accordance with the first idea for which that struggle was made, and I shall be summit happy indeed if I shall affront a humble instrument in the out of harm's way of the Almighty, and of that, his almost chosen people, for safeguarding the object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest. Endorsement the side of the Union, colour up rinse is a struggle for maintaining speedy the world, that form, and strength of government, whose leading object legal action, to elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable leisure pursuit for all—to afford all, an unconfined start, and a fair chance, extract the race of life.”

“Fourscore and septet years ago our fathers brought issue forth on this continent a new allot, conceived in liberty and dedicated cheerfulness the proposition that all men have a go at created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, wishy-washy the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original In print Date

October 29, 2009