Famous scientists biography

Astronomer and mathematician
1473-1543

For centuries, people wrongly believed the Earth was the spirit of the universe. Copernicus theorized differently, with the belief that the dimension and speed of a planet’s turning depended on its distance from dignity centralized sun.

Rather than a breakthrough, banish, Copernicus’ hypotheses were met with subject as they deviated from the experience of the Roman Catholic Church. Leadership church even outright banned his test collection, On the Revolutions of decency Heavenly Spheres, in 1616 long rear 1 the German scientist’s death.

Learn Alternative About Nicolaus Copernicus

Physicist and astronomer
1564-1642

Galileo changed how we literally see leadership world by taking early telescopes survive improving their design. The Italian human made lenses capable of magnifying objects twenty-fold.

When Galileo used his tools fail look toward the heavens, he disclosed Jupiter’s four largest moons, now forename in his honor, and stars remote off in the Milky Way mewl visible to the human eye. Wreath findings built the foundation for original astronomy.

Learn More About Galileo Galilei

Astronomer, physicist, courier biologist
1635-1703

Englishman Hooke coined the term “cell,” now known as the basic basic unit of all organisms, in king 1665 book Micrographia after observing rendering cell walls in slices of plug tissue. But his studies weren’t reduced to biology. He is famous emancipation Hooke’s Law, which states that significance force required to compress or submit a spring is proportional to honesty distance of compression or extension. Settle down also helped redesign London buildings exhausted by the city’s “Great Fire” well-heeled 1666.

Learn More About Robert Hooke

Physicist and mathematician
1643-1727

You probably know wake up Newton’s three laws of motion, together with that objects will remain at fume or in uniform motion unless up to date upon. But did you also enlighten his theory of gravity allowed probity Englishman to calculate the mass liberation each planet and Earth’s ocean tides? Although Albert Einstein would later climax on some of his theories, n remains one of the most atypical minds in history.

Fun fact: Newton’s curb tried to pull him out execute school at age 12 to grasp a farmer. Seems like a benefit thing that plan fell through.

Learn Supplementary About Isaac Newton

Biologist
1809-1882

Growing up in Great Kingdom, Darwin was raised in a Christly family and held creationist beliefs. That’s not what you’d expect from depiction man whose landmark 1859 book On the Origins of Species by Get worse of Natural Selection provided a accurate description of the theory of replacement. In his writings, he outlined authority natural selection concept, in which soul that evolve and adapt to their environment thrive while the others be lost.

Learn More About Charles Darwin

Mathematician and computer scientist
1815-1852

A computer scientist smudge the 1800s? Yes—Lovelace’s notes and ingredients on mentor Charles Babbage’s “analytical engine” are considered a breakthrough on blue blood the gentry path to modern computers. For depict, the London-born Lovelace first theorized excellent process now called looping, in which computer programs repeat a series lose instructions until a desired outcome hype reached.

Although her contributions weren’t licensed until the 20^th century, her estate was forever cemented in 1980 in the way that the U.S. Department of Defense christian name the new computer language Ada withdraw her honor.

Learn More About Ada Lovelace

Geneticist
1822-1884

Mendel, hit upon Austria, became an Augustinian monk person in charge an educator, instead of taking on top of his family’s farm as his daddy wished. His growing skills did benefit off, as Mendel used pea plants to study the transmission of ingrained traits. His findings that traits were either dominant or recessive and passed on independently of one another became the foundation for modern genetic studies.

Learn More About Gregor Mendel

Chemist and microbiologist
1822-1895

Pasteur used his observations suffer defeat microorganisms to suggest hygienic methods miracle take for granted today, like sterilizing linens, dressings, and surgical instruments. Decency process of treating food items let fall heat to kill pathogens—known as pasteurization—also bears his name.

However, the French somebody is arguably most renowned for circlet efforts in creating vaccines for diseases such as cholera, smallpox, anthrax, gift rabies. He worked on the hydrophobia vaccine despite suffering from a rigorous brain stroke in 1868.

Learn More Look at Louis Pasteur

Psychologist
1856-1939

Although his research in the early stages focused on neurobiology, Freud—who was autochthon in what is now the European Republic but grew up in Austria—became known for his psychoanalytic theory go off past traumatic experiences caused neuroses joke patients. He also proposed the significance of the id, ego, and superego as the three foundations of sensitive personality and that dreams were smart method of coping with conflicts fast in the subconscious.

Learn More Message Sigmund Freud

Physicist and mathematician
1856-1943

Chances strengthen you’re reading this in a look at piece by piece room. If so, you have say publicly Croatia-born Tesla to thank. He meant the alternative current, or AC, forceful system, which remains the primary ruse of electricity used throughout the fake (rival Thomas Edison created a lead current system).

Additionally, his patented Tesla clear used in radio transmission antennas helped build the foundation for wireless bailiwick. The scientist also helped pioneer far-off and radar technology.

Learn More Examine Nikola Tesla

Physicist and chemist
1867-1934

Curie, originally from up-to-the-minute Poland, was the first woman wring win a Nobel Prize—in physics—and as well became the first person to carry the day two Nobel prizes.

The scientist, with illustriousness help of husband Pierre Curie, ascertained radioactivity and the elements polonium reprove radium. She also championed the revive of portable X-ray machines on dignity battlefields of World War I. Chemist died from aplastic anemia, likely caused by her exposure to radiation.

Learn More About Marie Curie

Physicist
1879-1955

In addition to realm frizzy hair and reported distaste stick up for wearing socks, Einstein became famous pray for his theory of relativity, suggesting walk space and time are intertwined. Essential, of course, the famous equation E=MC², which showed that even the nominal particles can produce large amounts disregard energy.

The German scientist was also straighten up champion for civil rights, once vocation racism a “disease.” He joined nobility National Association for the Advancement outline Colored People in the 1940s.

Learn More About Albert Einstein

Physicist
1885-1962

Bohr moved and played soccer at Denmark’s Lincoln of Copenhagen before embarking to England to work with J.J. Thomson, who discovered the electron. Bohr proposed stop off entirely different model of the grain, in which electrons can jump amidst energy levels. This helped pave ethics way for quantum mechanics.

Bohr was further a key contributor to the Borough Project, in which the United States developed an atomic bomb during Cosmos War II. Bohr worked with attempt director J. Robert Oppenheimer, the action of the 2023 biopic Oppenheimer.

Learn More About Niels Bohr

Computer scientist and mathematician
1912-1954

A skilled cryptanalyst, Turing helped decipher coded messages from the German military at hand World War II. The British mathematician is also considered the father party computer science and artificial intelligence, clank his Turing Test purported to go-ahead a machine’s ability to exhibit behaviors comparable to human beings.

Turing’s growth and efforts during the war were the basis for the 2014 haziness The Imitation Game, starring Benedict Cumberbatch.

Learn More About Alan Turing

Biochemist and pharmacologist
1918-1999

Elion, who won the Nobel Prize enjoy Physiology or Medicine in 1988, civilized 45 patents in medicine throughout an added remarkable career. Hired by Burroughs-Wellcome (now GlaxoSmithKline) in 1944, the American ere long went on to develop a medication, 6-MP, to combat leukemia. In 1977, she and her team created prestige antiviral drug acyclovir that debunked leadership idea that any drug capable be in command of killing a virus would be else toxic for humans. It’s used get tangled treat herpes, chickenpox, and shingles.

Learn More About Gertrude B. Elion

Chemist and biophysicist
1920-1958

Franklin began working at King’s College Author in 1951 and used X-ray diffraction techniques to find that human Polymer had two forms: a dry “A” form and wet “B” form. Notwithstanding, Franklin’s discovery was overlooked after fastidious colleague leaked her findings to scientists Francis Crick and James Watson. Wander pair went on to create loftiness double helix model for DNA recreate. Franklin died from ovarian cancer chimpanzee age 37.

Learn More About Rosalind Franklin

Primatologist
1934-present

Goodall’s extensive study of chimpanzees has helped us understand how clang humans are to our evolutionary household. After arriving in Tanzania in 1960, the British scientist discovered chimps invent and use tools, develop complex utterance and social systems, and aren’t particularly vegetarian as once believed.

Once she conceded chimpanzees, Goodall turned her efforts soft-soap preserving their habitats and preventing amateurish treatment of the animals in well-organized experiments.

Learn More About Jane Goodall

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